The Pleasure of Drugs Essays - 1535 Words

The Pleasure of Drugs The Oxford Dictionary defines pleasure. It is a feeling of satisfaction or joy. It is enjoyment. It is a source of pleasure or gratification. It is formally a persons will or desire. Finally they define it as sensual gratification. Now if we put these all together in one sentence, pleasure is something that brings an overall feeling of satisfaction and gratification while fulfilling desires. If that doesn’t sound good, what does? We have already determined that people naturally are drawn to altered states of consciousness. Its a fact that we are drawn to that which feels altered. It starts at a young age and hypothetically we realize the world of drugs and their ability to enhance normality by†¦show more content†¦Drugs go hand in hand with this theory. Things that are pleasurable to people are held on to dearly. No one wants to miss something that feels good, or makes them feel better than just normal. If I could drink a glass of water and feel pleasurably numb and introspective, I would, instead of smoking pot. The only thing about that is, I can’t. So when I want to really relax, I do what I remember relaxes me, and that is marijuana. Its the same anywhere you go. Introspective people who want to be outgoing in social settings drink alcohol and call it â€Å"liquid courage†. They enjoy the feeling of being a little looser and able to talk to people that they might not have otherwise. I could go on for days about this, but it all would come back to the same thing. People naturally seek out that which makes them happy, and happiness is often confused with pleasure. There are those who still feel that drugs are causing the demise of our society and that if we could just get everyone off drugs then the world would be peaceful and happy. What they don’t understand is that the drug problem is social. It is easy to scapegoat drugs instead of looking at the internal workings of the actual problem. I found some interesting things on the Internet. In this quote a Reverend talks about Marijuana: â€Å"For some, drugs are simply easier to get than alcohol. (I (Rachel) and going to interject with this, when did alcohol stop being a drug?) Some attempt toShow MoreRelatedDrug Addiction: Pleasure or Pain? Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesDrug addiction: pleasure or pain? Drug abuse can destroy an innocent life even before a person realizes it. It usually starts out as what is thought to be harmless experimentation or done just as recreational fun, but can become devastating or even life threatening. Even though many people feel they wont get addicted to drugs or that they wont cause any bodily damage after only a few times of use, they are still extremely harmful. Drugs can cause irreversible nerve damage to the brain and brainRead MoreThe Relationship Between Drug Abuse and Excessive Food Consumption1674 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed the relationship between drug addiction and excessive food consumption. In particular, we remarked that drugs of abuse hi jack the reward pa thway that evolved for hedonic food consumption. Drugs such as cocaine cause excess dopamine released in the Nucleus Accumbens, which results in a feeling of extreme pleasure. Over time, the pleasure derived from the drug decreases due to synaptic adjustment and the addict is in a state of anhedonia (lack of pleasure). Chronic drug use is motivated by a compulsiveRead Moreâ€Å"When Your Conscience Says Law Is Immoral, DonT Follow1038 Words   |  5 PagesStates. First made illegal in 1970 with the passing of the Controlled Substances Act, which declared it an addictive drug with no medical value, many are now fighting against this law, citing medicinal uses and an apparent lack of fierce addictiveness. Since 1996, 23 states have passed laws allowing for medicinal use of marijuana, with 8 going so far as to allow recreational use of the drug. Despite this, marijuana is still considered to be a Class 1 substance, and is illegal by federal law. The debatesRead MoreLegalizing Marijua na: Does Society Really Need Another Way to Get High?1563 Words   |  7 Pagesbe welcomed is another matter. In a recent essay for National Review, Richard Lowry raises the question of whether marijuana is truly harmful-and he concludes that it isnt, or at least that it is significantly less so than any number of other drugs that are currently legal. Marijuana, he argues, should be categorized somewhere between alcohol and tobacco on the one hand, and caffeine on the other. As evidence, he first points out that whereas alcohol and tobacco kill hundreds of thousandsRead MoreCritical Essay 11095 Words   |  5 Pagesback to as early as the 1920s, the use of drugs in several Western films and other forms of entertainment started to take flight. The portrayal of the drugs used were that of a positive light; being pleasurable, socially acceptable, and even appropriate to use for those that did not live a criminal lifestyle. It wasn’t until the 1960s in which the positive connotations with drugs became contradictory. This was a result of the implementation of stronger drug prohibition laws. Many of the positivelyRead MoreDrugs And Psychoactive Drugs925 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoactive drugs are chemicals that affect the nervous system. When a psychoactive drug is taken it can cause changes in mood, emotions, feelings and thoughts. These drugs can also change how a person perceives things and can alter the consciousness of that person (Plotnik Kouyoumdijian, 2014). Psychoactive drugs can be illicit or licit, illegal or legal. Both licit and illicit psychoactive drugs can cause affect a person. Some examples of licit psychoactive drugs are coffee, alcohol, and tobaccoRead MoreEssay about Drugs Affect on Brain947 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract Drugs some use them to escape pain, others use them for pleasure, and some use them to just fit in. Either way drugs are a harmful substance that may seriously affect the body. Drugs mess with the brain in ways that we couldn’t even imagine. From destroying brain cells that help with critical thinking to destroying cells that give us the ability to feel pleasure. Drugs take the place of our natural body functions of the body. They fool receptors of the body and make it to whereRead MoreAddiction Is The Most Common Addiction991 Words   |  4 Pagesaddiction to be a disease that stems from personal choice. Addiction is a chronic brain disease that causes habitual drug use ( Drug abuse, 2012). Over time the brain changes, and the person who is addicted loses control over themselves, resulting in excessive behaviors. Addiction is characterized by the, inability to consistently withdraw, impairment in behavioral control, craving for drugs or rewarding experiences, reduced recognition of significant problems with one’s behaviors and personal relationshipsRead MoreDrug Abuse Among Teens Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesthen cracked the egg into a frying pan and as the egg sizzled the voice was heard saying, This is your brain on drugs. The message was powerful while at the same time informative. Smoking not only affects a person physically, but mentally as well. However, most people do not know the severe mental damage smoking inflicts since the focus is primarily on the physical effects. Drug abuse is becoming a growing problem among teenagers. According to the National Center on Addiction and SubstanceRead MoreHappiness Is The Ultimate Goal Of Existence Is Happiness1485 Words   |  6 Pagesis always desirable in itself and never for the sake of something else (Nichomachean Ethics, 1097a30-34) and it must be attainable by man. In order to understand this road to happiness though, you must understand first that goods such as wealth, pleasure and honor are believed to make us happy. But they are not the ultimate ends; rather they are a means toward obtaining the end, while happiness is always an end in itself. Happiness is different than pleasurable sensations in that it can’t just disappear

Who Is The Caretaker Of The Group - 1390 Words

Ever since I was little, I was always considered the caretaker of the group. Whether it was making sure all of my friends had enough to eat at lunchtime or being the first person people come to when they had a problem they needed to solve. Growing up with a single mother, I had to learn quickly how to take care of myself and in turn, I became very good at taking care of others. When I was 12 years old my grandfather passed away, so my mother and I packed our bags and moved in with my grandmother to help take care of her. Living with my grandmother at such a young age was a very rewarding but difficult experience. Since my mother was always out working, I was the one who had to stay home after school with my grandmother and carry out the caretaking tasks. These tasks included bathing, cooking meals, cleaning the house, and many other things. This resulted in me not always being able to spend time with my friends when I wanted to, and I had to give up some of my extracurricular activit ies throughout high school. In high school I always thought that I wanted to become a special education teacher. My mother worked at a day service center for individuals with mild to severe developmental and intellectual disabilities, so I was always comfortable around people with unique abilities. Senior year however, my grandmother became even more sick and she was hospitalized with Pneumonia. She never fully recovered after her sickness, so she had to make many lifestyle changes and weShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis : Plainfield Healthcare Center Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagescertified nurse name Brenda Chaney who works diligently every single day for her assigned patients. All nurse in the center have a duty to keep records of the patients’ conditions and any special request from them. In accordance with the Indiana state law where the nursing home has to accommodate any patient who had decided to live in the center with the right to choose their desire caretakers (p.35 5). Marjorie Latshaw, who was a white elderly woman patient who has lived for couple of months in theRead MoreMany Americans Prepare For Adulthood By Pursuing Careers,1550 Words   |  7 Pagesof the functions of this program is to provide information to caregivers about services that exist for the aging person, there is also a section of this program that has been implemented to help the caregiver take part in individual counseling or group trainings that will give the caregiver the tools he/she needs to properly take care of the aging adult. In addition, as mentioned previously many of the caregivers become overwhelmed and overworked and for that reason the program offers respite servicesRead MoreBenefits Of Medical For Nursing1445 Words   |  6 PagesNursing is a calling inside of the medicinal services division concentrated on the consideration of people, families, and groups so they may achieve, keep up, or recoup ideal wellbeing and personal satisfaction social insurance persona l satisfaction. Medical caretakers may be separated from other medicinal services suppliers by their nursing hypothesis way to deal with patient consideration, attendant instruction preparing, and extent of practice. Numerous medical attendants give care inside of theRead MoreTheme Of Isolation In The Caretaker By Ghilip Larkin1096 Words   |  5 PagesHarold Pinter and Philip Larkin present the theme of isolation in a variety of different ways throughout their works. In The Caretaker, Pinter explores the notion of isolation and how it impacts all three characters in a brutally raw way, exposing their vulnerabilities and exploring their most true identities in vastly different ways. Throughout Collected Poems, many of the works explore how the character in each poem escapes modern life by isolating themselves, both emotionally, such as in ‘TalkingRead More Caregivers Behavior Contributes to Offspring Behavior1143 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch has advanced to the point where predictions about serious criminal violence by men who have already committed one violent offense can be made with a considerable degree of accuracy (Rice, 414). This group, although a small proportion of the population, is a group whose violence is the focus of much societal concern. Research on the nature of psychotherapy is yielding new insights into a group of offenders who are highly prone to violence. There is every reason to believe that applying the resultsRead MoreThe Personality Disorder ( Ocd )1578 Words   |  7 Pagesknown personality disorders. (Borderline Emotionally). Many personality disorders are able to be treated though not cured entirely. Some common disorders, such as BPD, can be treated through multiple sessions of psychotherapy, which can consist of group, individual, and even family therapy sessions. The use of medications along with support from family members and friends can help lessen the symptoms of the personality disorder. There is even a possibility of hospitalization that may be able to helpRead MoreRegistered Nurse : A Leading Expert Economist1723 Words   |  7 Pagesis that the people are going to be able to talk to people without actually using their mouths to actually talk to them. They are building little machines that are able to decode brainwaves. Also, it is going to help sufferers with dementia. People who suffer with dementia and have problems with their neurotransmitters relaying thoughts into understandable speech or being able to hold thoughts enough to get them out verbally before they are forgotten will be able to see their innermost thoughts andRead MoreNursing Is A Profession That Will Never Quit Developing1490 Words   |  6 Pagessorts of medical caretakers, from surgical attendants to office medical caretakers. They all have diverse obligations. The biggest gathering of attendants is healing center medical caretakers. They are relegated to one office and work there, for instance, maternity, surgery, and pediatrics.Most opportunities are provided by traveling nurses to fulfill needs and high quality care. To be a fruitful Nurse, they should be empathetic, kind, tender, and minding. Who needs an attendant who has no sympathyRead MoreCultural Identity As A Female993 Words   |  4 Pagesthat women are caretakers and must be housewife material. As such, I have taken on multiple roles; I am my parents’ housekeeper, my grandparents’ chauffeur, and my cousins’ sitter. Consequently, this caretaker persona extends towards my social life. For example, I become a â€Å" mother hen† with my friends. In one particular case, my friend was drunk and incapable of taking care of herself at a party, so I looked after her until she was well enough to go home. As a woman, my caretaker persona has ledRead Moreaffects of child abuse and neglect1548 Words   |  7 Pages They do not know specifically what falls under the various categories’ of child abuse and neglect. Some people contend that child abuse encompasses anyone who physically or emotionally neglects a child. However , according to Reardon, child abuse and neglect is defined as â€Å"Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death ,serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse ,exploitation or act or failure to act, which presents an imminent risk of serious

Negative Effect of Devolution Free Essays

Negative effects: The implementation of the local government in 1992 provided the impetus for local government units to assume greater roles and responsibilities in bringing about socio-economic development for their respective constituents. This is in view of the devolution in the provision of basic services such as health, social welfare, socialized housing, agricultural extension, tourism development, among others, from the national to local governments. The devolution of health services of the Department of Health (DOH) to the local government units was consonance with the national goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Effect of Devolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now The national vision signals the initial step for local communities as well as an opportunity for local government units to manage their respective health services in the most effective and efficient manner. Considering these meritorious objectives to attain the national vision, the devolution process also posed problems for the DOH and the local government units, particularly on the inadequate financial resources to undertake vigorous health service delivery programs. In Cotabato City, the constraint of insufficient budgetary resources was only one of the problems faced by the local government in the provision of effective and efficient ranged from the geographic location of its barangays, economic status of its population, inadequate health manpower and facilities, and pre-LGC (Local Government Code) situation. The location of the barangays and economic status of the population. People of various ethnic origins (T’boili, B’laan, Tagabili, Ubo and Tasaday) coming from as far as Aparri to Tawi-tawi populate the city of Cotabato. Majority of its population is composed of the Maguindanaoan tribe and people from the Visayan regions. Cotabato, as a participant in the Integrated Community Health Services Project (ICHSP) was included in the Local Health Accounts pilot phase as one of six provinces where local financial data was collected. About 60 percent of the population is composed of marginal farmers and fisherfolks, seasonal job workers, unskilled labourer and jobless individuals. Those belonging to this group live within the poverty threshold level as they earn an average gross family income of php6,000 and below per month. The remaining 40 percent accounts for the middle and high-income groups. This implies that majority of the people living in Cotabato are poor and disadvantaged and, therefore, most wanting of health and other basic services from the government. Accessibility and Transportation Constraints. The city’s geographical feature makes delivery of health services a major challenge to the local government. Brooks. Rivulets and creeks of various sizes criss-cross and traverse the city in all directions. Eight barangays can only be reached by water transportation. Three other barangays are not easily accessible by public transportation. Before it’s special project on health and sanitation, the city has been providing health care at the Main Health Center and eleven satellite stations. However, people in remote areas cannot avail of these services because of transportation difficulties. Inadequate Financial and Budgetary Resources. The Office of Health Services (OHS) had very limited financial resources. Its regular budget was just ssufficient to cover personal services and maintenance and operating expenses. Inadequate Health Manpower and Facilities. Due to financial constraint the OHS could not put up additional health facilities and employ much needed additional health personnel. Prior to its special project on health and sanitation, the city has only 11 health stations regularly manned by midwives. In terms of manpower, the OHS had only 39 regular personnel. These consisted of 4 doctors, 6 nurses, 11 midwives, 1 dentist, 1 medical technologist, 8 sanitary inspectors and 8 non-technical and administrative personnel. Such health facilities and manpower have been inadequate to cover the entire household in the city Adverse Pre-implementation Health Station. Until 1993, major health statistics and conditions indicate the need to give more focus in the delivery of basic preventivehealth servies to the constituent of Cotabato City, particularly to the disadvantaged groups living in the remote barangays. Based on the National Statistics Coordination Boards (NSCB) data for 1990, the city’s infant mortality rate was 44. 0 per 1,000 live births while maternal mortality rate was 182. 8 per 100,000 livebirths. How to cite Negative Effect of Devolution, Papers

Strategies for National Australia Bank

Question: Discuss about the Strategies for National Australia Bank. Answer: Introduction: In the present competitive businesses environment, development of effective strategy is crucial for the organizations to gain competitive advantage in the market. However, effective development of strategies depends on several factors including mission, vision and social responsibility of the organizations. Furthermore, organizations also have to focus on the internal and external environmental factors to implement strategies that can provide maximum benefits for the organizations. In this report, the focus will be on the National Australia Bank (NAB). The organization is founded in the year of 1982. Presently, NAB is regarded as one of the top four financial institutions in Australia. In fact, it is placed in the 21st position evaluated by market capitalization. On the other hand, NAB is ranked at the 41th place in terms of total asset in a financial institution (Nab.com.au 2016). Thus, it highlighted the fact that NAB has able to implement effective strategies in order to gain comp etitive advantage in the market. The organization has able to maintain a constant growth rate with utilizing innovative and unique strategies. However, few strategies of the organization have also faced lot of criticism. Therefore, the report will consciously try to include all the positive and negative aspects of the implemented strategies by NAB. Implemented strategies by NAB: Mission statement of National Australia Bank highlights that the organization is focused towards providing selected financial and core banking services efficiently. Therefore, NAB has always focuses on providing the best professional services to all its customers in order to gain competitive advantage in the market. Furthermore, NAB has also tried to make a conscious effort in order to enhance the trust level of the customers so that they can able to take financial help from the organization without any hesitation. At the initial stage, NAB has tried to implement aggressive marketing strategy. NAB has acquired Northern Banks and Clydesdale bank in order to increase its penetration power in the market. In Australia, NAB provides several financial services including personal banking, business banking, MLC and NAB private wealth. NABs business strategies include programs that have the potential to support a more financially and socially inclusive society (Beecham and Chowdhury, 2012). F urthermore, NAB wisely manages its environmental footprints so that customers can easily manage their environmental risks for financial products and services. NABs business strategy also focuses on the effective utilization of stakeholder engagement process in order to mitigate any social, environmental and governance issues. Organizations vision highlights the significance of maintaining proper relationship with all the stakeholders. Therefore, NABs business strategies include informal and formal engagement activities with all the stakeholders so that it can able to identify issues and also priorities them accordingly (Chowdhury 2012). In order to enhance the businesses of the organization, NAB has tried introduced internet based direct banking services. In fact, NAB has introduced a completely new branch of the organization namely UBank. The companys business strategy includes development of clear objectives so that it can able to manage policies and procedures effectively. NAB st rategy also includes development of effective communication process so that it can able to maintain effective customer relationship management process. Prime two criticisms faced by NAB: As mentioned earlier, NAB has focused in utilizing aggressive marketing strategies at the initial stage. Therefore, NAB has utilized overseas acquisition strategy in order to increase its growth in the market. For that reason, NAB has acquires many foreign financial institutions. However, several studies have highlighted that overseas acquisition provides very few opportunities for the organization to evaluate corporate strategy for a long period of time. As per the article by Shamsuddin and Xiang (2012), the study of strategy generally focuses on the successful organizations and trying to evaluate the reasons for its success. Now, NABs strategy of acquiring overseas financial institutions has also created several controversies. For instance, it has been identified that Irish subsidiary of NAB had engaged in tax evasion schemes and overcharging from its customers. Therefore, investigation has mentioned that tax evasion and overcharging from the customer has breached the trust level. Furthermore, NAB had around $460 million write down value from its rights regarding capitalized mortgage services. NAB also has faced huge amount of criticism, as it has failed to maintain Australian Financial Standards. Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) also has expressed its concern over many financial statements of the organization (www.abc.net.au 2016). NAB also was alleged because of irregularities in the foreign currency training operation. Therefore, it has created negative impact on the foreign investment procedures. NAB had a loss of $270 million revenue in the month of January (Sussangkarn, 2012). Furthermore, NAB was accused by APRA for not implementing effective decisions regarding risk management procedures standards. On the other hand, Central Bank of China has utilized the plan of tightening the credit by enhancing the reserve requirements for the economys financial structure, performance level of NAB has decreased to a lower level. Thus, it can be ide ntified that the prime reason for the criticism is the decreasing performance level of the National Australia Bank. Environmental analysis: As per the article by Kaal and Painter (2011), it is necessary for the organizations to analyze all the external and internal market factors at the time of developing business decision strategy. Internal and external factors help organization to identify the potentiality of the market that can be helpful for the sustainability of the business. Furthermore, in order to fulfill the needs of the customers, it is necessary for the organization to understand the environmental condition of the market more effectively. PESTEL analysis can help organization to understand the situation of the market in a much more effective way. The PESTEL analysis is discussed as follows: PESTEL analysis: Political factor: Several rules and regulations have been imposed on the banking industry of Australia that is creating adverse impact on the financial management process. It can be assessed that high rate of interest is creating adverse impact on the capital investment. As mentioned by Voanews.com (2016) high rate of interest has created huge amount of challenges for the major financial institution like National Australia Bank, Commonwealth bank and Westpac. It has to be noted that NAB has created business partnership with other financial institutions to enhance the revenue level. However, complex political rules and regulations are creating problem for the financial institutions to increase its revenue level (International Monetary Fund 2012). Thus, political rules and regulations are creating adverse impact on the strategies implemented by the financial institutions in Australia. Economic factor: Increasing competition in the financial market of Australia has reduced the funding cost to large extent. As a result, banking organizations started to develop capital by enhancing its target. Worthington and Devlin (2013) highlighted Liquidity Coverage Ratio as one of the major changes in the financial market. Liquidity Coverage Ratio has reinforced all the banks in Australia to handle probable risks linked with the financial banking processes. As a result, it has increased the risk level for the banks in Australia, which influenced to develop hazardous situation for major financial institutions (Polsiri and Jiraporn 2012). Therefore, banks will have to increase the strength of pricing system, which will increase the probability of risks among the lenders. Social factor: NAB has always made a conscious effort maintain all the corporate social responsibilities of the company effectively. NAB has been advertising the personal banking system for making financial transaction process simpler for the customers. Furthermore, NAB is focusing on the customer needs in order to reduce possibility of any social problem. Technological factor: NAB focuses towards utilizing stable, simpler and agile technologies for providing effective customer support services (Latimer 2012). Furthermore, NAB also focuses towards effective utilization of technologies to attract more people to avail the services of the bank (www.morningstar.com.au 2016). NAB also has utilized modern technology for providing instant banking system for the customers. Ecology factor: NAB has also taken several initiatives and programs to create positive impact on the maintenance of ecology. For instance, NAB has developed several programs to provide health safety and education opportunity for people in Australia (Podolski 2012). Furthermore, Nab help customers to understand the risk associated with environment in order to reduce negative impact on the environment. Legal factor: As per the article by Frie (2013), every financial institution has to go through several rules and regulations in order to conduct its businesses properly. Therefore, NAB has always focuses on the maintenance of all the rules and regulations implemented by government in order to conduct risk management, financial planning and payment transaction process effectively. SWOT analysis: As per the article by Deng and Liu (2014), SWOT analysis is extremely helpful for the organizations to analyze internal strengths and weakness effectively. Furthermore, it also helps organizations to identify possible threats and opportunities. The SWOT analysis for NAB is as follows: Strengths: Strong brand image helps to attract people from all across the Australia to avail effective financial services Effective diversification of products and services is the prime strength of NAB to ensure success of the business The organization has able to maintain consistent interest income and revenue level for a long period of time NAB is regarded as one of the prime financial institution in Australia in terms of total amount of assets Weaknesses: Decreasing revenue level of NAB has created major adverse impact on the growth rate of the organization Lack of global acclaim is one of the prime weaknesses of the organization Opportunities: NAB can focus on the financial market outside the Australia, as it can improve the revenue level of the organization to another level. Acquisition and joint venture technique can still help NAB to attract people to avail financial services of the organization NAB can also focus more on the asset management sector to increase its business opportunity in the market Threats: Increasing competition in the Australian market has emerged as a major threat for NAB Financial crisis is another factor that can major adverse impact on the revenue level of NAB Repetitive changes in the rules and regulations implemented by Australian government Organizational culture and leadership style of NAB: As per the article by Latimer (2012), organizational culture and leadership style plays significant role in the organizational success. Therefore, NAB also has tried to implement effective leadership style to manage its business processes effectively. However, the organization has faced foreign currency fraud that highlighted serious cultural and leadership issue. Previously the company has able to grow in the stable Australian economic environment. However, the foreign currency fraud has induced the organization to implement changes in its leadership structure. During the economic unstable situation, NAB has reduced its workforce by up to 11% in order to minimize the cost of the organization (Daly and Gebremedhin 2015). Furthermore, NAB has also considered utilization of outsource technique to fulfill all its requirements in the operational process. NAB also had utilized reform strategy for the refurbishmentof all its branches (Watson and Wickramanayake 2012). However, the managemen t of NAB always tries to provide the best experiences to the customers at the time of availing financial services of the organization. Therefore, NAB has tried to develop organizational culture in such a way so that it can able to identify customers needs effectively. This has helped NAB to emerge as one of the prime financial institution in Australia. Recommendation: The above information highlighted the fact that NAB needs many improvements in their business activities. Firstly, NAB will have to focus on its procedure of resource allocation in order to improve its operational processes. Therefore, NAB also will have to provide proper training and development opportunities for all its employees. It will help organization to enhance the effectiveness of the operational process. For that reason, Nab can also consider expert help in order to improve the business structure for the betterment of the organization. NAB also have to focus on the development of strategy in order to stop continues fall in the revenue level. NAB can utilize merger and acquisition strategy to divide the responsibilities of the organization. Furthermore, merger and acquisition also help Nab to allocate all its resources in an appropriate way. Conclusion: The above analysis has been describing the strategies that National Australia Bank has implemented in order to gain competitive advantage in the market. It highlighted that NABs prime focus is to provide effective customer service to attract more people to avail financial services of the organization. However, the report also has highlighted that NAB has faced lot of criticism for continues fall in the revenue level. Thus, it highlighted the fact that NAB has to focus on several factors in order to improve its position in the market. References: Beecham, S. and Chowdhury, R., 2012. Effects of changing rainfall patterns on WSUD in Australia.Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management, 165(5), pp.285-298. Chowdhury, K., 2012. Modelling the dynamics, structural breaks and the determinants of the real exchange rate of Australia.Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 22(2), pp.343-358. Daly, A. and Gebremedhin, T., 2015. Can An Indigenous Employment Program Work? A Case Study of National Australia Bank.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 34(3), pp.128-138. Deng, X. and Liu, L., 2014. The Bank Lending Channel: Evidence from Australia.AABFJ, 8(2), pp.71-87. Frie, E., 2013. Destination Australia: migration to Australia since 1901.National Identities, 15(4), pp.428-430. International Monetary Fund, 2012. Australia: Financial Safety Net and Crisis Management FrameworkTechnical Note.IMF Staff Country Reports, 12(310), p.1. Kaal, W. and Painter, R., 2011. The Aftermath of Morrison v. National Australia Bank and Elliott Associates v. Porsche.European Company and Financial Law Review, 8(1). Latimer, P., 2012. Australia Financial sector reform legislation.ac, 1999(13). Latimer, P., 2012. Australia Financial sector reform legislation.ac, 1999(13). Nab.com.au, 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.nab.com.au/content/dam/nabrwd/legacy/business/calculators-and-tools/business-tools/documents/swotanalysistemplate.pdf [Accessed 3 Sep. 2016]. Nab.com.tr, 2016. Nab Holding - Vision and Mission. [online] Nab.com.tr. Available at: https://www.nab.com.tr/en/VisionandMission.aspx [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Podolski, E., 2012. Regulating Synthetic Securitisation Following the Global Financial Crisis.Australian Economic Review, 45(1), pp.14-28. Polsiri, P. and Jiraporn, P., 2012. Political connections, ownership structure, and financial institution failure.Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 22(1-2), pp.39-53. Shamsuddin, A. and Xiang, D., 2012. Does bank efficiency matter? Market value relevance of bank efficiency in Australia.Applied Economics, 44(27), pp.3563-3572. Sussangkarn, C., 2012. Institution Building for Macroeconomic and Financial Cooperation in East Asia.The International Economy, 2011(15), pp.17-30. Voanews.com, 2016. National Australia Bank Comes Under Heavy Criticism. [online] VOA. Available at: https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-03-29-4-national-67492022/282207.html [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Watson, J. and Wickramanayake, J., 2012. The relationship between aggregate managed fund flows and share market returns in Australia.Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 22(3), pp.451-472. Worthington, S. and Devlin, J., 2013. Fairness and financial services in Australia and the United Kingdom.Intl Jnl of Bank Marketing, 31(4), pp.289-304. www.abc.net.au, 2016.NAB posts $1.74b half-year loss on Clydesdale sale. [online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-05/national-australia-bank-posts-loss-on-clydesdale-sale/7385766 [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016]. www.morningstar.com.au, 2016.National Australia Bank Limited - Quote and News. [online] Morningstar.com.au. Available at: https://www.morningstar.com.au/Stocks/NewsAndQuotes/NAB [Accessed 4 Sep. 2016].

Kant Essays (1627 words) - Kantianism, Enlightenment Philosophy

Kant How does one label Kant as a philosopher? Is he a rationalist or an empiricist? Kant makes a distinction between appearances and things in themselves. He also says that things in themselves exist, and that we have no knowledge of things in themselves. This could be labeled CLOSE TO NONSENSE, but we know Kant better than that. No matter how many laps on the track of metaphysics Kant takes us through, he is still widely held as one of the greatest modern philosophers of our time. Let us explore the schools of rationalism and empiricism and compare his views with that of other rationalists and empiricists (mainly Hume), and see where he ends up on the finish line towards the nature of human knowledge. The term rationalism is used to designate any mode of thought in which human reason holds the place of supreme truth. Knowledge in this school of thought must be founded upon necessary truths (those that must be true and cannot be false); our ideas are derived from our experience; everything we experience is finite, but we do have the idea of infinity or else we couldn't conceive of things as finite. Descartes and Leibniz are well-known rationalists (handout on Rationalism versus Empiricism). Empiricism, on the other hand, is the concept that knowledge is grounded in experience, not reason, and our minds begin as a tabula rasa (term used by the great empiricist, John Locke meaning blank slate). Reason, for empiricists, can only process the ideas experience gives us. Knowledge is also founded on contingent truths (those that can be false and true); necessary truths are only good for organizing our ideas, as in mathematics, but that is all. There are also no innate ideas in empiricism; all of our ideas are built up from the raw materials given by our experience. Well-known empiricists include Locke, Berkeley, and Hume (handout on Rationalism versus Empiricism). So now that we know where the rationalists and empiricists generally stand, let us see where Kant generally stands. For Kant, human thought exist at three (closely interrelated and interconnected) levels (Ross, 2000). Sensibility conforms our perception of space and time. Understanding corresponds with our individual judgments regarding thought. Reason is the totality of our judgments. Their relationship is crucial in Kant's theory of the thing in itself. The thing in itself is the product of our mind's commitment to thinking about the phenomena (the items of our experience) as appearances (Ross, 2000). It might seem inappropriate to describe Kant as an empiricist. He believed, contrary to the basic empiricist principle, that there are important propositions that can be known independently of experience. He devoted, virtually all of his efforts as researcher to discovering how it is possible for us to have a synthetic a priori knowledge. However, Kant also believed that there are some things that we can know only through sensory experience as well. Kant appears to have left experience in charge of our knowledge (Ross, 2000). But, let us not concede yet. In Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (Transcendental Deduction), in the middle of his argument for why certain concepts would be necessary and known a priori with respect to experience, Kant realized that synthesis would have to produce, not just a structure of thought, but the entire structure of consciousness within which perception also occurs. He says that what is first given to us is appearance, and then combined with consciousness we have perception. It is the structure of consciousness that turns appearances into objects and perceptions, without which they would be nothing. Kant made synthesis a function of imagination rather than thought, though this creates its own confusions. Synthesis therefore brings things into consciousness, making it possible for us to recognize that our consciousness exists and that there are things in it (Ross, 2000). Let us now briefly look at Kant and his position with rationalism. Kant always believed that reason connected us directly to things in themselves. Kant's notion that reason connects us directly to things in themselves does not allow for metaphysics as practiced by the rationalists because reason alone does not determine any positive content of knowledge (Ross, 2000). Kant's theory as one of empirical realism is still very

Behavioural Adaptations essays

Behavioural Adaptations essays Beahvioural Adaptations - Hibernation in Chipmunks Beahvioural adaptations are a way for a species to increase their survival rate by modifying an aspect of their behaviour. Many animals adapt to hibernate, this is when they go into a deep sleep in the winter and do not wake up until the spring. Chipmunks have adapted over time to do this, it allows these small mammals to dramatically increase their survival rate and not have to worry about finding food in the deep snow. Hibernation is a behavioural adaptation in chipmunks that has allowed them to survive winters easily, increase in population and therefore advance as a species. Chipmunks are small mammals that look their relatives, the squirrel. Chipmunks are much smaller than squirrels and has a striped back, with five dark, and two light stripes. They are about 20 to 28 centimeters long. The chipmunks home is a burrow dug under rocks or tree roots, or in old logs. There are tunnels off the leaf-lined nest that lead to storerooms where food is stored. Chipmunks eat nuts, seeds, wild fruits, and berries. They have inner cheek pouches that they can stuff with food. In the fall they may store some extra food to eat before they hibernate. By late spring, around 30 days after mating, the female chipmunk gives birth to about four or five live young. Animals have three options to how they spend their winters. One of these options is to remain where they spend all of their time, and risk not finding food and fighting off cold. Another option is to migrate, this is when animals move from one place to another where they can survive more easily, by finding more food or not having to fight off cold. Birds often do this because it is almost impossible for them to find food in the snow and it is much easier for them to fly to a new location than for a land animal to walk. The last option is hibernation, this is when an animal goes into a deep sleep in the winter and d ...

The Significance of Marketing Communications Essay

The Significance of Marketing Communications - Essay Example Consequently, the company must communicate with the existing and potential consumers. Communication takes the form of sales promotion strategies and advertisements. Marketing success only comes when a company has a comprehensive understanding of consumers’ demographic structure. Nike Company, for instance, used catchy word â€Å"just do it† to attract customers for its products (Foster, 2011). Despite establishing attractive and quality products for consumers, a competitive market would demand that there exist goodwill between the company and consumers to foster hope that the product on sale will succeed. Such hopes help in building loyalty that keeps consumers to company in question products (Hill, 2014). Marketing communication strategies, therefore, are vital in building good image between it and the citizens as a leading corporate. The image building process becomes a reality when company publicizes its charitable activities. Communication also improves the competitive advantage of the company over competitors (DahleÃŒ n & Lange, 2009). The company maintains a superior advantage over its competitors. The company in question can use communication effectively to expose the competitor’s weakness to its customers. Communication also helps companies to attract talents that the company need to by demonstrating to employees that the company provides the best work environment. Through publications, annual awards provide for the list of best companies to work. Ashton, J. K., & Pressey, A. D. (2011). The Regulatory Challenge to Branding: An Interpretation of UK Competition Authority Investigations 1950-2007. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(9/10), 1027-1058.

Debating Immigration into Western Countries Essay

Debating Immigration into Western Countries - Essay Example Processing of unauthorized documents, getting inside US boundaries through under-the table payments, and working and staying for long even by just holding a visiting visa are just of the most common methods that illegal immigrants do. This paper did an in-depth literature search concerning the legal and illegal immigration in the US during the years 2000-2006. This then tackles the relationship of economy, societal and environmental stability, and populace versus the legal and illegal immigrants. It is hypothesized that legal migrants contribute positively to the development of the US economy and even to its culture. Meanwhile, the illegal immigrants are hypothesized to be a great part of the US labor force. They also serve as a large part of the consumer or buying populace. In the same manner, illegal immigrants - despite their illegal status - are also one of the great 'users' and/or 'beneficiaries' of the natural and financial resources of the country. That is why it is of not doubt that illegal immigrants in the US affect, both positively and negatively, the US as a whole. United States of America is one of the very few countries in the world where different values and tradition of the many people in the world submerged. Also, US are becoming a favorite migration country of many people around the world and the main reason is the opportunity that awaits in this country. Many would say that living in the US is a dream most especially if it is in third world country's point of view where most terrorism and poverty are the main problems. That is also why the country is commonly compared to as a salad bowl and a melting pot. Multiculutarlism and cultural Assimilation Multiculturalism or commonly known as a "salad bowl", is much of a new metaphor given to the US and not the "melting pot" or also being termed as cultural assimilation. The melting pot means that if one becomes American citizen, he/she should abide what the proper values and tradition that the American should do or he/she will suffer the consequences. While the "salad bowl" is where American now celebrating the diversity of its traditions where it respects the roots of each individual in order to built a harmonious country. (From Melting Pot to Salad Bowl, 2005). Multiculturalism is when a person who became citizen of another country who obeys and works successfully with his new host country but never disregarded his old beliefs and tradition from his mother country of origin. The following are some of the good examples that will describe up to what extent America is compared to as a salad bowl. One very good example are the Chinese, when one sees them talking to their own natives they still talk most of the time in Chinese but if one will see them in school or business meetings they will speak in English.

Issues Regarding Ranking of People Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Issues Regarding Ranking of People - Term Paper Example hoot-out, Zimmerman was arrested by the police; the police arrived at the scene about two minutes after the shooting, in response to a distress call made by Zimmerman (Bell et al. 89). After his arrest, Zimmerman was put under police custody, treated for the head injuries that he claimed were inflicted on him by Trayvon, and was later questioned for five hours, regarding the events leading to the shooting. However, after a few hours, Zimmerman was released, and the police chief in charge of the case gave a variety of reasons for the release, including that he had acted in self-defense (Bell et al. 88-89). The police chief also maintained that the â€Å"stand your ground statute† did not allow the police to arrest Zimmerman for the controversial murder of the teenager, irrespective of the victim’s civil rights as well as the human rights of all Americans (Hancock 1). This paper will explore the event of Trayvon’s killing, with the aim of showing how the event led to an inequitable society, the resolution of the event and its effects. Despite the fact that Zimmerman, a Hispanic had shot Trayvon, an African-American dead, and despite the fact that the case was evidently an extreme one, Zimmerman was relelased after a few hours. The social stratification between the African-Americans and Americans of American descent demonstrated the social construction of social stratification for the different classes, and the case ended with an inadequacy of the attention warranted by the murder of Trayvon (Day-Vines et al. 401). The lack of equitability in society was evidenced by the responses offered to the murder, including that little attention paid to the fact that the police had ordered Zimmerman to stop pursuing Trayvon, yet he went ahead to shoot him dead. Secondly, there was the issue that, despite the fact that Zimmerman did not have any credible reasons to suspect that Trayvon was planning or in the process of committing a crime, the investigating officers paid

Government Guidelines for Nutrition

Government Guidelines for Nutrition Sarah Slack Unit Four Health Promotion and Development References 1 Department of Health. 1991. Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects No. 41. London: HMSO. 2 Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. 2003. Salt and Health. London: TSO. It is important that the under-5s get enough energy (calories) for growth and development. Childcare workers should therefore be sensitive to the needs of children who are fussy eaters or small eaters and ensure that these children are offered a good variety of food that they will accept. Age Average energy requirements in kcals (calories) per day: 1 year 935kcals 2 years 1,160kcals 3 years 1,430kcals 4 years 1,530kcals (Gregory JR, Collins DL, Davies PSW, Hughes JM, Clarke PC. 1995. National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Children Aged 11/2 to 41/2 Years. Volume 1. Report of the Diet) Children in a childcare setting should always be encouraged to eat a varied diet. They should eat foods from each of the four main food groups every day. The four main food groups are: Bread, cereals and potatoes Fruit and vegetables Milk and dairy foods, Meat, fish and alternatives such as eggs, pulses (peas, beans and lentils) and soya. Vitamin C is important in maintaining good health and may have a role in helping the body to absorb iron if both nutrients are present in the same meal. Children should be encouraged to eat foods containing vitamin C at meals like fruit and fruit juices. Children who do not eat meat should have a varied diet containing foods such as cereals, pulses (peas, beans and lentils), vegetables and fruits. Children need nutritious snacks between meals. The best snacks are those which are low in sugar. A variety of snacks should be offered including fruit, vegetables, milk, yoghurt, any type of bread, and sandwiches with savoury fillings. When planning menus in a childcare setting you must consider children who have special needs. Some children may have particular dietary requirements or may need specific help with eating. Sarah Slack Food unsuitable for young children and babies There are many different foods which are unsuitable for young children and babies, such as: Salt Salt can be dangerous for babies as it can damage their kidneys. Salt should never be added to babies food. Stock cubes or gravy are high in salt so they should be avoided when making homemade food for babies. Pre-packaged food can contain high amounts of salt so the packaging should always be checked to ensure the salt intake isn’t too high. The table below shows the guidelines provided by the Food Standards Agency for salt consumption: Sugar Sugar is the leading cause of tooth decay in young children. Milk teeth which start to ‘come through’ when a child reaches the age of around 6 months are very susceptible to acid erosion from sugars. Research suggests that children are more sugar sensitive than adults, and the effects are more pronounced in younger children, according to Dr. Keith Conners, author of Feeding the Brain. This could be related to the fact that the brain grows rapidly in the preschool years, exaggerating the effects of sugar on behavior and learning. Honey Honey can contain a bacteria called Clostridium botulinum which can produce toxins in a baby’s intestines, leading to infant botulism, which is a very serious illness. The symptoms include: Constipation The child not wanting to feed or eat Suffering from lethargy These symptoms can take several months to appear after the spores have been consumed as the spores grow in the infant’s gastro-intestinal tract and as they grow the toxins are released into the blood stream. Once an infant reaches the age of one the intestines begin to develop ‘good’ bacteria which are able to fight off the bacteria. Nuts Whole nuts, including peanuts, should never be given to children under five as they can choke on them. As long as theres no history of food allergies or other allergies in a family a baby can be given peanuts once theyre six months old as long as they are crushed or ground into peanut butter. 1% of the population are affected by a peanut allergy and children that have a sibling which is affected have a greater risk of being affected themselves. Low fat foods Fat is an important source of calories and some vitamins for babies and young children. Until the age of two years children should be given whole fat milk, cheese, oily fish, yogurt and fromage frais. After the age of two the amount of fat in a child’s diet can gradually be decreased. Eggs Eggs should never be given to babies under 6 months old. Babies have a delicate intestinal system and they can react to the protein found in eggs. They can be given to babies over six months old, but they must be cooked until both the white and yolk are solid to prevent salmonella which can be very dangerous for young children. Saturated fat A child should never be given too many foods that are high in saturated fat such as crisps, chips, cheap burgers and cakes. Raw shellfish Raw shellfish can increase the risk of food poisoning so it’s should never be given to young babies and young children. They can contain salmonella bacteria which causes food poisoning. Swordfish, shark and marlin The amount of mercury in these fish can affect a baby’s growing nervous system so they should never be given to babies and children. Regular consumption above the recommended limits of fish containing high amounts of mercury can lead to a toxic build up and it can have a devastating effect on the central nervous system of babies and children, causing impairments with movements and cognitive brain function by displacement of essential neurons. Sarah Slack Record form for Dietary Requirements Child’s full name: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Start date :†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Address :†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Home telephone number:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Mobile:.. D.O.B†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Male/Female Age†¦ Please give any details of your child’s dietary requirements including any food allergies: Please give a detailed list of any food or drink which your child CAN NOT have: In the unlikely case that your child consumes any of these items please give details of any treatment that should be given: I confirm that I will keep the nursery staff informed if any of the needs or allergies detailed on this form change or are no longer applicable. Signed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.ParentPrint Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Signed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Child care providerPrint Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Sarah Slack Coeliac Disease Coeliac disease is intolerance to gluten and it is thought to affect around 1 in 100 people in the United Kingdom. It can affect people of all ages. Eating foods containing gluten can cause symptoms such as: Diarrhoea Bloating Feelingtired all the time, this is due to notgetting enough nutrients from food. Gluten can damage the lining of the intestines which prevents the absorption of nutrients from food. If this happens, a child can become malnourished and grow at a poor rate Flatulence Abdominal pain Weight loss Gluten is found in any food that contains wheat, rye and barley cereals, including: Pasta Cakes Breakfast cereals Most types of bread Certain types of sauces Some types of ready meals Any children with this condition should never be given these foods and the food they do eat should be well documented and checked for any gluten products. Potential long-term complications include: Osteoporosis(weakening of the bones) Iron deficiency (anaemia) Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anaemia Sarah Slack Chronic Childhood Diseases There are various chronic diseases suffered by children which can have an effect on their mental and physical development. Some chronic childhood diseases that can effect development are: Diabetes Asthma Cerebral palsy Cystic Fibrosis Diabetes Diabetes is a condition that prevents the body from properly using energy from food. It affects around 3.2 Million people in the UK. It occurs when the pancreas does not produce insulin, or when the pancreas produces insulin, but it is resisted by the body. It is a lifelong condition that causes a persons blood sugar level to become too high. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes, the bodys immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin. As no insulin is produced, glucose levels increase, which canseriously damage the bodys organs. Type 1 diabetes is often knownas insulin-dependent diabetes. Its also sometimesknown asjuvenile diabetes because it usually develops before during theteenage years. If you are diagnosed withtype 1 diabetes, you will needinsulin injections for the rest of your life. Type 2 diabetes is where the body doesnt produce enough insulin, or the bodys cells dont react to insulin. This is known asinsulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is more common than type 1 diabetes. If youre diagnosed withtype 2 diabetes, you may be able to control your symptoms by simply eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly,and monitoring your blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity. Obesity related diabetes is more common in older people. Diabetes can have various complications that can hamper development in children. These include diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. Its caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. It can impair a child’s vision which can have a knock-on effect with their development, both physically and intellectually. Diabetic neuropathy can affect nerves in many different parts of the body. The most common early symptoms of the condition are numbness, tingling, or sharp pains in the feet or lower legs. Because nerve damage can happen anywhere in the body, problems can occur in almost any organ system, including the digestive tract, urinary system, eyes, and heart. Asthma Asthma is a common long-term condition that can cause coughing, wheezing, chest tightness and breathlessness. Asthma typically appears in childhood and around 1 in 10 children are affected. Asthma symptoms can get gradually or suddenly worse. This is known as an asthma attack. During an attack the airways become inflammed and narrow which constricts the child’s breathing. Some allergies such as pet hair and pollen cause trigger an attack. Asthma can hamper emotional and intellectual development depending on the severity of the disease. If a child has to miss time off school due to frequent asthma attacks this could cause the child to fall behind on school work and also important socialising. The attacks may also be frightening for the child which can affect them emotionally. This could lead to anxiety and stress which in turn could impact on a child’s life when growing up. Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is caused by a problem in the parts of the brain responsible for controlling muscles. The conditioncan occur if the brain develops abnormally or is damaged before, during or shortly after birth. Causes of cerebral palsy include: An infection caught by the mother during pregnancy Bleeding in the baby’s brain Changes in the genes that affect the brains development A difficult or premature birth Many can children suffer visually and may have hearing impairment. It may also affect learning and delay growth. A child with cerebral palsy may be slower in achieving important developmental goals, such as learning to crawl, walk or speak. Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disorder affecting the exocrine glands. It causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of the pancreatic ducts, intestines, and bronchi and often resulting in respiratory infection. It can lead to inadequate growth due to poor digestion which is a result of malnutrition. Symptoms usually begin in early childhood and include persistent cough, wheeze, repeated chest infections, malabsorption of food and general ill health. Treatments include antibiotics, physiotherapy, and mucus thinning medicines, pancreatic enzyme replacements and other therapies. It is a life threatening condition. Bibliography References Department of Health. 1991. Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects No. 41. London: HMSO. Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. 2003. Salt and Health. London: TSO. Gregory JR, Collins DL, Davies PSW, Hughes JM, Clarke PC. 1995. National Diet and Nutrition Survey: Children Aged 11/2 to 41/2 Years. Volume 1. Report of the Diet www.gdalabel.co.uk www.diabetes.co.uk Practical and Nutritional guidelines, Dr Helen Crawley www.kon.org.uk www.asthma.org.uk www.patient.co.uk

Nuclear war :: essays research papers

The Next Episode Would you like to play a game? The infamous words muttered by the WOPPER computer in the movie War Games. In this movie an amuter hacker looking for some cool games nearly sets off a nuclear war by just some simple manuevers. Although just a movie it put light on the easiness of one person to start an all out nuclear war. This movie was made in the 80’s when we didn’t rest on the power of computers to control a system and still we almost had an all out nuclear war. Now we reali on computers making us twice as vulnerable. With that in mind I feel that it is my responsibility to affirm the resolution that the possession nuclear weapons is immoral. For clarification of this round I offer the following definitions Black’s Law, 5th Edition. Possession: The detention and control of anything which may be subject of property, for one’s use and enjoyment. Nuclear: anything with radioactive materials. Weapons Something used to destroy someone or something. From the Lexicon-Webster dictionary Immoral: not conforming to accepted patterns of what is considered right and wrong behavior in a culture Nuclear weapons are a strange weapon they are one of the feew weapons that can kill long after the initial blast. The radiation emited from this blast would infect all the surrounding nations thus causing a global catastrophy. That is why I would like to adopt the value of Global Security. Along with this value I will use the criterion of Safty because Safty is the only way to obtain global security. Contention One: Nucs have no target only death. The sole purpose for nuclear weapons is to kill large amounts of people very quickly without the threat of losing men. Let me repeat to kill with out being killed. This sounds like a great strategy except it is no strategy at all. If you have a thousand nucs you are not going to target them at military bases no, you are going to inflict the most damage and that is the civilian population. People innocent of any crime put to death by a faceless weapon. Subpoint A: Nuclear war is inevitable. The only reason to create a new weapon is to use it not to have just sit around and collect dust. History has shown the minute a new weapon is invented people are standing line to use it and show its effectiveness. The bombs we dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki were only one weapon now we have unused missles and bombers that are unused wasting money.

Anthropology

ANTH100 Assignment 1 Heather Hartwig American Military University October 21, 2012 Assignment 1 1) Discuss what evolution is in terms of physical anthropology. Evolution refers to â€Å"change over time†. In terms of physical anthropology, evolution is changes over time in living organisms. This means that living things have passed their traits from one generation to the next. There are very little changes that occur with each generation, but over time these changes accumulate in each living organism.It is believed that all life on Earth has common ancestry that lived more than 3. 5 billions of years ago (Park, 2008). 2) Define evolution. Evolution is defined as the idea or scientific theory that was proposed by Charles Darwin. Darwin believed that all species changed and evolved by natural selection from the same common ancestors. Evolution simply means that a species undergoes genetic change over time. Over many generations a species can evolve into something different. Thes e changes take place because of changes in DNA, which originated as mutations.Not all species evolve at the same rate. The theory of evolution does not prove that species will constantly evolve or how fast the species will change when it does (Park, 2008). 3) Discuss what a physical anthropologist may examine/investigate in order to study evolution. Paleoanthropology is a branch of paleontology that falls under physical anthropology. Paleoanthropologists study extinct primates and fossils. They use these examinations to further investigate the evolution of humans.They examine ancient humans, like the anthropoids. Anthropoids are considered humans closest relative and have been linked to human evolution (Coyne, 2009). 4) Discuss ‘how’ a physical anthropologist would study your answer for Q3 and why it is helpful for studying evolution. Paleoanthropologists are able to study evolution by examining fossils and ancient humans. They do this by investigating the fossil record and continue to make additions all the time. The first identifiable multicellular organism formed about 585 million years ago.The earliest fossil of the primate can go back before the extinction of the dinosaur over 65 million years ago. Bones and teeth were discovered in Montana and Wyoming (Park, 2008). Even though there was primate like evidence before the dinosaur extinction, (Shipman, 2012). 5) Find at least one outside source related to your answer for Q3 and Q4 (e. g. the genome project for DNA- do not use this example in your paper since it is provided for you). My outside source for questions 3 and 4 is a journal by Pat Shipman titled Fossils.This journal was published in The New Scientist Vol. 215, Issue 2876, p. 8-16. 6) Briefly describe the source and how is it helpful for examining/investigating evolution. It is a journal that discusses fossils of early life and evolution. It gives facts and information pertaining to the timelines, type and the formation of fossils. 7) Choose a second subfield of anthropology – cultural, linguistic, or archaeology. I chose Archaeology as my second subfield of anthropology. 8) Discuss how an anthropologist in this subfield would study evolution.Park defines archaeology as a subfield of anthropology that studies the past culture of humans and reconstructs the past cultural systems that existed. He goes on to say that they study cultures and people that are no longer living (Park, 2008). Archaeology reconstructs past cultural systems. Archaeology began as a method of identifying places and objects that were already known from historical records. It has become a very resourceful means of discovering new information not only about the historical period but also about years beyond the reach of written investigational facts.The purpose of archaeology is not only to recover ancient artifacts but to identify the relationship that these objects may have had with early human life. It also shows how early human primat es and modern humans are closely related. 9) Discuss what an anthropologist from your chosen subfield may examine/investigate in order to study evolution. Archaeologists have investigated fossils and remains of early humans and primates to show how human posture has changed over the years.The information that has been collected shows us a timeline of how much we have evolved since the discovery of the earliest human remains (Park, 2008). 10) Discuss ‘how’ an anthropologist from your chosen subfield would study your answer for Q9, and why it is helpful for studying evolution. Archaeologists have reconstructed human and primate remains that they have discovered to show how closely we are related to each other. They have used the information that they discovered to prove that humans have evolved from and can be compared to the primate species.Compared to earlier species, modern humans have evolved into a more upright species. Early humans were found to have a more curved p osture (Palmer, 2010). The archaeological information that is recorded proves that there is another explanation for our species other than what is believed by many. The Bible teaches that we were created by God. However, archaeologists make a strong case that contradicts what the Bible teaches. 11) Find at least one outside source related to your answer for Q9 and Q10. My source for questions 9 and 10 is Origins Human Evolution Revealed by Douglas Palmer. 2) Briefly describe the source and how is it helpful for examining/investigating evolutionThis book goes into detail on the story of the origins of the human species. It goes into detail about the journey of apes and humans. It compares and contrasts the differences as well as the similarities between early human species and the modern human species. 13) Discuss how the study of evolution between physical anthropology and your chosen subfield compare and contrast. Paleoanthropology and archaeology go hand in hand, because they both study fossils, extinct primates and the remains of early humans.They generally work together when investigating a site where artifacts have been discovered. The team work and information that is provided between paleoanthropology and archaeology gives us a better understanding of how humans have evolved into the modern species that we are today. 14) Conclude by discussing one new piece of information you learned about evolution. The one piece of information that I have learned about evolution is that I cannot solely base my understanding of how the human species became based off of my beliefs from the Bible.I understand now that scientific research has given factual information on how humans can and have evolved from ancient remains of primates and early humans. I will maintain that I believe that God did create us to an extent. However, I think that his creations have continued to evolve into the species that are here on earth today.References Palmer, Douglas. 2010. Origins human evolution revealed. Octopus Books, USA. New York, NY. Park, Michael A. 2008. Introducing anthropology an integrated approach. Fourth edition. McGraw-Hill. New York, NY. Shipman, Pat. 2012. Fossils. The new scientist. Vol. 215, Issue 2876, p. 8-16. Anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humans as social organisms and how they interact with each other in a social gathering or community set up. It entails the study of humans past, present and evolution of the cultural, physical stature, linguistic traits and archaeology. An anthropologist interest lies in comprehending human diversity and way of life in an explicit manner. The four main branches of anthropology which include biological, cultural, archaeology and linguistic clearly elaborate what it entails to be human (Lavenda-2013). Biological anthropology talks of how the evolution of humans is genetically influenced and not enhanced by the surroundings. Cultural anthropology is centered on the study of structural system of individuals sharing a common belief or norm. Linguistic anthropology majorly revolves round the psychology of speech, structure and function in humans. Lastly, archaeology is based on the systematic revealing of fossils through excavation, dating the fossils to determine the period of usage and analysis. Anthropology mainly seeks to familiarize the unfamiliar with proven facts and provide knowledge that deciphers facts from fiction.Cultural anthropology is a very enticing concept of anthropology because it does not only enable one to accept and appreciate cultural diversity but also develop globally conscious individuals. As mentioned earlier, this aspect of anthropology explicitly studies human cultures, belief, daily routine, values, ideas, technical economies and domains of social and cognitive organization (Lavenda-2010). There are two means by which an anthropologist can study culture due to its abstract nature; empiricist approach, whereby he mainly relies on observation of the human behavior in a particular community set-up and subjective approach in which the researcher understands the structure of ideas and meanings that exist in a member a certain culture. The primitive perception that I personally had about humanity has been scraped off as a result of the in-depth study of cultural anthropology. Individuals and communities were initially characterized by their social, economical and political factors within their localities. Evolutionism has showed a conceptual comprise due to the easy interaction of individuals as a result of the modern evolution of technology that has made every corner of the world accessible to any person. The level of interactions between individuals from a similar ecology niche has almost become non-existence due to the replacement with television programs, movies and social electronic devices. Despite this, the social interaction circle has grown larger as a result of technology which enables an individual interact with more people different from parts of the world over a short period of time. This study has personally helped me get over the notion that Muslims are associated with terrorism. I initially felt fear when I was in an environment filled with Muslims; well, not Muslims alone but any individual wearing a veil. This mostly applied to Muslim women that wear the veils covering up their faces, leaving out the eyes. I can attribute this fear from to the society I grew in; I was used to my Christian community before I came to campus. The laws and beliefs we had were so strict that we feared other dominions, this seclusion was driven into us by the clergy; to make us believe that people that had different beliefs and practices were potential risks and could harm us at any time. The primitive notion that was instilled in me always had a bearing to this question; if they are good people, why do they find it relevant to cover their faces that much? The definite answer was that they had something to hide; not only secrets but sinister motives. Religious profiling and the threats that came to our country and get aired on national television also cultivated the fear in me. It would have never reached this point if my parents would not have been reacting to the issue with so much disgust as they used to do. My elementary and high school environments were more or less the same because all my schooling up to university level were based in the same strictly Christian district. There were some primitive practices we used to do that I now see them to have been very hurting if not shameful to the face of evolution and humanity at large; there was no shaking of hands or exchanging pleasantries with non-Christians, no accepting gifts from them and worst still, avoid all conversations. I can't imagine that I would literally snob them! I must admit that I had a tough time adjusting to the campus environment. I was always tensed in my first semesters when a non Christian would sit next t me. I remember a particular case when I came to a lecture late and found all seats occupied except one; next to Sikh, I literally missed that 2 hour lecture and had to struggle with my continuous assessment test. It is during that course that I made a turning point and my point was later boosted when I got to learn about anthropology. The struggle I had in my first continuous assessment test was the same one I had in the second. Ironically, the Sikh boy who I was evading was the same one that noticed my problem and came to help. At first I was adamant but with lack of options I thought; why not give it a try. I must admit that that is the sweetest memory I hold dear and use it to enlighten my rural folk later on. With that act of compassion I learnt that religion does or dress code does not define someone's character. Study of anthropology has helped know the value that I hold about my culture and the justifications I give to the are the same ones that any other person would give in support to their religion and culture. It also taught me that judging or profiling others because f ethnicity and background is a heinous notion; if everyone was to discriminate then the world would be an unbearable place to stay. All we could be witnessing are endless fights and ultimate wars. Cultural anthropology thus, aims at enabling the native of a particular culture objectively and rationally understands their own culture to deduce what makes them stand out from the other cultural groups hence upholding the aspect of self acceptance. Besides, it enables one apply the knowledge gained from familiarizing with different cultures to alleviate human challenges and misconceptions rather than causing ethnic conflicts. The collective study of different cultures enables scholars to identify the similarities and unique aspect of various cultures, hence embracing diversity.References:Robert H LavendaCore concept in cultural anthropologyRobert H LavendaAnthropology: What does it mean to be human? Anthropology â€Å"From ruttier to rummies: A Contribution toward the Ethnography of Peeling. † In Cultural Anthropology: A Sampler. Up. :19-22. 2. Elliot Rolling objectives for the article were to observe male urinating behaviors In public restrooms. I believe he did meet his objectives because he was able to observe them Pee. 3. As stated before, the method that Rings used to research his topic was to observe males urinate. I feel Like watching people pee could make people uncomfortable, mad, or actually elate their privacy.Although, the only way to actually understand the culture behind males urinating is to actually observe their behaviors so I think that his method was inappropriate but necessary. 4. The author's findings started off not in the bathroom, but actually led up to why a male goes into the bathroom. While in a social group, one must withdraw themselves from the group by some sort of excuse or statement like saying, â€Å"l have to go to the bathroom. † He further di scusses that bathrooms could also be used as a social setting.For example, in high school hanging UT in the hall ways was not allowed, yet if students met up in the bathrooms, they could hangout and talk without the disturbance of a teacher. Going on, he discovers that â€Å"peeing is the activity primarily intended by†¦ Males†. He discovers that men prefer to have there own personal space of one urinal to the left and right. This becomes violated when one another know each other. Another key fact that Rings realizes is that during the act of peeing, one must look forward and keep they're eyes to themselves.If one was to look at another man, this might â€Å"invite the suspicion of nonsexual interest. † Also, he notices the â€Å"shaking of the penis† to get the last drops out, even though no matter how much shaking you do, when you finish up and walk out the bathroom, the last drops of pee come out and onto your pants. He concludes that Americans value thr ee things: privacy, masculinity, and cool. And infers that â€Å"elimination patters are intimately linked with a cultures system of values. † 5. I think that the significance of the work is trying to understand how people learn the etiquette of using the bathroom without formally being taught.In class we learned bout ethnography, which is the description of a culture through an observer. In the article, a man was observing males Pee. 6. I evaluate this work as an Interesting topic because many people would not think twice about the fact that there was so much that went Into public etiquette. If I were conducting this experiment I would have test subject stand at certain urinals and see which urinals random strangers would consistently use to get better and accurate Information. Anthropology By agrarian 2 October 2013 1. Orrin Elliot 1975 â€Å"From Ruttier to Rummies: A Contribution toward the Ethnography of Peeing.In Cultural Anthropology: A Sampler. Up. Elliot Rings objec tives for the article were to observe male urinating behaviors in public restrooms. I believe he did feel like watching people pee could make people uncomfortable, mad, or actually realizes is that during the act of peeing, one must look forward and keep they're eyes article, a man was observing males Pee. 6. I evaluate this work as an interesting topic that went into public etiquette. If I were conducting this experiment I would have test consistently use to get better and accurate information.

Freeman Example

Freeman Example Freeman – Case Study Example Freeman Case-Study The market theory of capitalism, suggested by Milton Friedman majorly presents an opportunity for private ownership of resources. It refers to a state where new owners and firms are at liberty to inject additional funds in the economy with the intended purpose of actualizing new ideas. This theory has often been celebrated as it provides freedom and dynamism for investors because they have the independence to make their own decisions regarding the projects they are to support. Similarly, the theory has been credited because it supports innovation within the economy (Hill et.al 158). The market theory of capitalism on the other hand has been criticized on the basis that it comes with a lot of instability. The instability is in regard to the event that capitalism, if not properly handled can bring about a financial crisis, resulting in job insecurity and slump in the economy. In like manner, the theory has received disapproval for its tendency to favor the wealthy, w hile bringing continuous suffering to the financially disadvantaged within the society. The stakeholder’s framework of business takes into consideration the fact that stakeholders play a very critical role in the success of any project and the administration of any organization. In this regard, it is of great significance for a business to first identify its stakeholders as well as their key interests or issues that they want sorted. Similarly, a business should assess its prevailing status and the roles that are to be played by each of the stakeholders. Adam Smith’s free market economic theory brings in a new perspective, arguing that a market with several buyers and sellers will ensure that resources are not wastefully allocated. Similarly, it recognizes that for the earnings of one party to increase, then the other party must have a reduction in earnings. Works-CitedHill, Ronald P, and Ryan Langan. Handbook of Research on Marketing and Corporate Social Responsi bility. , 2014. Internet resource.

Field trip to ShenZhen Essays

Field trip to ShenZhen Essays Field trip to ShenZhen Essay Field trip to ShenZhen Essay However, through the field trip to Sheehan, the sentence has convinced me that this is exactly the description f the ethnic minority people there. They are the catchers in Sheehan. On the 17th of November, we human class took a trip to the China Folk Culture Villages in Sheehan for the purpose of getting to know the current life of ethnic minority people who have immigrated to cities. I was expecting a normal tour as usual, while the trip turned out to be surprisingly fascinating, especially the direct communication part. Not only did we visit the villages there, but also we interviewed the ethnic minority performers personally. : After that, the talk with the Guru hawkers in Futile District has brought me insights to the ethnic minority peoples life as well. Besides, my report will be divided in three parts, the visit part, the interview part and the conclusion. The Visit Part As we arrived at the China Folk Culture Villages, a strong atmosphere of traditional Chinese art burst upon our view. The huge statue of a bull figure at the gate was decorated with traditional Chinese garment, which indicated the start of our trip of Chinese ethnic minority culture. The first stop at the Dad Village gave us a view of traditional Dad peoples life. The Dad architecture was mainly bamboo towers. As was located in the Dad Village, the major structure of the bamboo tower was on the second floor. The second floor included the dining room, a kitchen, some bedrooms and storage, where we could have an open view on the platform outside the rooms. According to the spinning machine lying on the platform, the Dad people living in their autonomy area tended to live a self-sufficient life and they were likely to plant their own food. Decorated on the door, the spring festival couplets were written in Thai language. Apart from it, the statues of elephants indicated that the Dad culture could date back to Thailand. The costume the Dad performer wore was so attractive that I couldnt help thinking about why the minority people tend to use a variety of colors on their clothes. Take the traditional Dad costume as an example. Black, red, yellow, green and blue filled out the cloth, which brought people a positive and energetic feeling. I did receive such feeling when I was looking at the costume, so I guess the origin of the colorful traditional clothes might lie in the fact that the people lived in the remote area had more opportunities to get close to the nature. Another conceivable reason might be the color of the nature. Since they were always communicating with nature, they absorbed the color of nature to their costume so as to express their respect and love for nature. On the other hand, I firmly hold the view that the ethnic minority people used the colors to get rid of the feeling of loneliness. I have paid a visit to Shanghai-La, Yuan and the similar view in the China Folk Culture Villages Just reminded me of my experience. When I was standing in the field of Shanghai-La, I felt a little lonely because I seemed to be the only and one person in the open area. I could communicate to no one but nature. However, the ethnic minority people there had to spend their whole life in the remote and open area so they had to add the light and various colors on their clothes so as to get rid of the loneliness. I didnt know whether my explanation was true, but I enjoyed the thinking during the trip very much. Then we crossed the Dong Wind Rain Bridge to reach the Yea Village. It was a very interesting experience to cross the bridge. I could even imagine the ethnic minority people gathered together on the bridge, seated themselves along the bridge and were elated to chat with each other since the professor told me that he Wind Rain bridge was used to hold a festival or a gathering. Compared with this bridge, those stone bridges in Ghanaian area, designed by Han people, emphasized more attention on the carving of stone rather than the usage. Quite different from the stone bridges in Ghanaian, the Wind Rain Bridge had ceiling, Civilian House, I was a little shocked to the appearance and the structure of the house. It was so similar to the Han architecture. The dining room was in the center of the house, and the cupboards or so was in the nearby kitchen, which was exactly how the objects were organized in the Shipmen house where I lived in my childhood. I could see the cooking on the table with the dim light while the photos were hung on the wall. According to the comments taught in class, Yea people were divided into many groups such as Yahoo, Honey and Papaya. I also found that the name of Yea was from the kiln, which had the same pronunciation with Yea in Chinese. A stove in the middle of the dining room indicated the cold weather in the place Yea people lived. According to the information I found online, Yea were living primarily in Axing and Yuan where were mainly mountain regions. There was one small Tate in the dining room, indicating the Yea peoples religion for ancestor worship. Yea peoples religion mainly included nature, totem, ancestor worship and Christianity, which shared a large similarity with the religions of Han people. Theres also a statue in my grandmothers house, which is used to memorize the past relatives. After that, we went to the Hi Civilian House. Unlike the previous houses or villages, it was an open place which was mainly used to display farm implements and grinders. Judging by the stone grinders, the Hi culture seemed to feed on a variety of crops including corns, rice as well as wheat. There was also a watermill outside the Hi Civilian House along the river. When I was concentrating myself on the watermill, some crisp noise from the other side of the road caught my attention. The sound was so unique that I thought there must be someone in a special kind of boots walking behind. However, the result didnt appear to be so. It was a special-designed device located in the stream that ran downwards the hill. The professor said that it was used to drive away the rats in case of their stealing the crops. Just as the Hi people living in Yuan together with the Maxi people, the Maxi Civilian House was organized lose to the Hi Civilian House. The moment we entered this area was the most exciting part to me because it reminded me of my trip to Yuan province about five years ago. When it came to the topic of Yuan, I always had endless words to express my appreciation for the unique and amazing culture, scenery and folkway there. Although Professor Ma said the wind-bell was from Japanese culture instead of Maxi culture, I still loved the view full of wind-bells with a riot of color. The visitors have written their wishes, pray and blessings on the wooden wind-bells. On the back of the wind-bells, there tended to be Sino-Tibetan figures. As for the offshoot of Sino- Tibetan, the language used specific pictures to express the meaning of the things around the Maxi people. It was recorded on the board that the culture of wind-bell was originated from the ancient tea route. Flying to the hometown and bringing peace and happiness, the noise was gone with the wind. Then I remembered an anecdote told by one Maxi person, whose name was He Kiang, when I was in Yuan. He Kiang said that the Maxi people had only two surnames that were He and Mum. Mum was the surname of the governors in old times so that only the noblemen could use he Chinese character Mum. Thus, He was the surname for all the great masses of people. I was then curious about the reason why the Maxi people would choose He as their surname since Mum was quite easy to explain. He Kiang wrote down the the inside Mum can be regarded as a man, then the stroke above the Mum looks like a hat while the square beside the Mum is like basket, which drew the vivid picture of a Maxi farmer, also is the normal civilian. I appreciated the creativity of the Maxi people from this anecdote but also felt depressed for their strong sense of hierarchy. Across he Maxi civilian house, we entered the Most wooden house. The house was log- fenced with comparatively good performance of protecting insiders from the cold in winter and the hot in summer. Moreover, the structure of the wooden house was similar to the Sheehan, a classical architectural style of Han people in China. The implementation of both of Sheehan and the wooden house comprised of a middle garden surrounded by four houses. As for the Most wooden house, the principal room faced the south and was generally used as the grandmas room where the oldest woman of the family stayed. The four houses were all two-storey high, which included approximately six rooms for the members of the family and each daughter had one room for walking marriage. Finally, we went to the ethnic area of Luau Nationality. Since it was a village to display the culture of the nationality, the serious problems brought by the modernization were not reflected at all. There was a simple house covered by straw in the area and inside lay some Purer leaves. As was mentioned in the class, Luau people made a living by planting and selling Purer leaves. As we walked through the China Folk Culture Villages, we experienced the story as well as the traditional life of the specific ethnic minority people. They did add to the cultural diversity in China greatly. We had great fun in the villages while the real and current life of ethnic minority people were hidden. Thus, in the next part, I would like to write about the interview with the ethnic minority performers and two Guru people in Sheehan. The Interview Part During our visit in the China Folk Culture Villages, we interviewed three groups of ethnic minority people. They worked as the regular performers in the China Folk Culture Villages, representing their nationality. However, due to the limited cost of villages, some of them had to perform the dance of other ethnic minority groups. The first group was two Yea people who were an elder sister and her younger brother. They introduced their traditions including the dance with long drums the singing competition that was held once every 18 years. They also introduced the immigration situation that there were over 60 Yea people had settled down abroad. As for the change of life in their hometown, they said that most young Yea people no longer lived in the traditional houses, buildings organized in rows, while some old t is with the traditional costumes. The old people had no passion for the fashion and lived a self-sufficient life in the mountain area so they still wore the traditional costume. In contrast, young Yea people were free to dress the convenient and fashionable clothes. Then they talked about their current life. The siblings wouldnt go back to their hometown because they had to do the performance for the visitors in Sheehan so they Just took the annual holiday. Compared with the workers in Shanghai, my hometown, the siblings shared the similarly hard life with them. They loud rather sacrifice their time with the parents than enjoy the luxury holiday life in city. Although they were still young as us, they had already taken the burden of making money and supporting their family. I am also staying in a city far away from my hometown, but Im still living on my parents and I only have to study in HOOK, not to work. I wonder what impact would such lonely experience leave on them. In my humble opinion, they are likely to become more mature than us in dealing with the hardship in reality. However, in some aspects they may be simpler than us. For example, they are more unsophisticated when they are dealing with people in life. The younger brother said he was really confused when he saw some the disabled beggars on the overpass. He wanted to help them but he wasnt sure whether they were Just cheaters. He added that he had little communication with the citizens due to the nature of his Job. I think this is a common problem for the ethnic minority people working in cities. The confusion may mainly result from the simple society in their hometown. In the mountain area, they deal with only the natural objects. Trees, crops and animals have kept them company for over ten years. The neighbor relationships are harmonious and simple and everybody is likely to know all the other villagers. As a result, ethnic minority people lack the experience in handling such complex situation. Apart from it, the simple environment in mountain areas may leave an influence on the ethnic minority people that they are more benevolent and pure. Their characteristics make it difficult for them to survive in the complicated city. The second group of ethnic minority people was several girls. They also chose to stay in work during the Spring Festivals. They said that they would go shopping with other girls when they had spare time. It was quite glad to hear that they would go with the girls from city because both they themselves and the city girls wouldnt care anything about the nationality. Im really happy to know that they have friends in cities because this will give them more opportunities to communicate as well as to know about the city as well as the citizens. And they wont feel lonely then. The third group of people is actually one optimistic man from Yuan. He was a Maxi person who has worked in Sheehan for about ten years. So talkative was he that he not only told us about his life in city but also his past life in his hometown. The better economic situation in city absorbed him here. His performer life replaced arable farming and hunting. He also mentioned that he used to plant bananas and Purer leaf in Yuan. He said everything was going on well in Sheehan except the fact that he was not used to the life here because of the lack of salt in the food. The optimistic feeling he delivered when he talked really convinced me that he was living an enjoyable life in Sheehan. Besides, it seems that one essential reason why ethnic minority people leave their hometown and work hard in the city is the higher salary they can earn. One hawker laid a cart that was used to store the local snacks from Gaining. He had been worked in Sheehan for seven years. He complained that his snacks sold better in weekdays because lots of Sheehan citizens would go out for a trip at weekends. As for the income, he mentioned that he could earn about 10 thousand Yuan monthly. He also mentioned that the expense of home charge was about 2 thousand and 8 hundred Yuan and he didnt need to pay for the mains. It was said that his fellow countrymen would go to Guanos, Asian and Human for work. He reminded me of such hawkers in Shanghai. My parents used to tell me to get away from Guru hawkers because they usually got into a group and it would be dangerous if I contacted one snacks seller. Besides, it seemed lots of pickpocket were from Gaining. Thus, in the past years in Shanghai, I havent talked with Guru people for even one time. However, I was astonished when I talked with this Guru hawker in Sheehan. He was so kind and tame that I didnt believe he would do the evil things as my parents told me. I think this anecdote did reflect our incorrect view on Guru people. We are used to identifying them as the unkind people but its not fair or erect at all. They Just wanted to make a living in the city so that they can support their family in hometown. They already suffer from the discrimination when applying for a Job because of their religion so we should never give the cold shoulder on them. An approach of communication during a sale is a good and easy way to break the ice. The other Guru person ran a barbecue place nearby. He had been worked in Sheehan for six years. He mentioned the tough problems he had to deal with when he Just arrived here. He couldnt find a store place to start up his barbecue business during his first year in Sheehan. Fortunately, things got better and he didnt have such problems now. He said that lots of his countrymen would gather together and celebrated the traditional holidays in Gaining. They sang and danced and had a good time. At the end of our interview, his little son came to his shop. It could be seen obviously that he loved his son very much and it was a warm family. I found an interesting thing during our conversation with the Guru people. They could speak Chinese but not so well. If I spoke a little faster, they felt very hard to follow me, so I asked them how they learnt the language. They both said that they didnt know Chinese at all when they first came to Sheehan. Even a single word could be difficult for him to get clear. Then they paid great efforts to learn Chinese so as to survive in the city. I was quite touched when hearing this because they were always trying their best to get involved in the city life. On the other hand, we did nothing to adopt them. The Guru hawker said that he did his business in Futile District because they were not allowed to set the cart in the other area in the city. For the whole Sheehan city, they had only the small area in the district where ethnic minority people gather to cake a living. How pathetic! So flourishing and large Sheehan is but no place else could adopt them! I think there do exist lots of things left to the government for improving the ethnic minority people in cities. The above part is my interview with the ethnic minority people. Apart from it, I also asked my prepared questions. The first question was how they got access to education in their childhood. The Yea siblings said they didnt come to Sheehan until they finished their high school study. The education resources are not rare in their hometown, but there is still little nettings in his high school but due to the lack of money he couldnt enter Art College. As a result, he is now working in the China Folk Culture Villages. The Maxi young man said that he was lucky to attend the university of tourism. He studied the ethnic minority culture there so he finally decided to work in this China Folk Culture Villages. Besides, he is now studying the traditional culture of Maxi so as to present better to the visitors in the villages. He also mentioned another reason that he was very willing to get educated because he wanted to go to the cities; he wanted to see whether the outer world was the same as the one he has imagined for years. I think lots of young ethnic minority people have the eagerness to reach the outer world and to try something fresh to them. They would like to earn money in cities and to improve the living standard in their hometown. However, the location of their hometown and the lack of resources have gasped them from the cities. Education seems to be the best way to link the ethnic minority people with the citizens. We should also promote the education in the places lacking such resources. Currently, there are more and more young people offering assistance to improve the schooling n backward areas. I quite agree with the practice but I think theres a lot to improve. For example, as is told by the younger brother whose nationality is Yea, some schools in their hometown have exchange tours with the schools in some cities but they never contact each other after the exchange. I think so it is with the assistance to improve the schooling in backward areas. The children lose contact with the teachers as soon as the teachers leave the school. Its so hard for the teachers to keep in touch with the children in the mountain area due to a variety of reasons such as the fisticuff in transportation of the mails or the lack of online communication resources. The second question is whether the ethnic minority workers are going to stay in Sheehan for a lifelong time. As for this question, all of the people I have interviewed first expressed their strong feeling of missing home. Although they all claimed to have been used to the life in the city, they mentioned the food that were greatly different from that in hometown. I think this answer have implied their inadvisability to some extent. As they talked more about this question, they gradually aid that they would return to their hometown years later. Their parents are still in the mountain area and it seems extremely difficult for them to move into the city since the old people have little capability of make a living, which to some degree stimulates the young ethnic minority people to move back to their hometown. Although they said that they wouldnt mind the nationality of their conceivable mate in the future, they were more likely to marry the people with the same nationality. I reach the conclusion because of some reasons. Firstly, they can speak the same language apart from Chinese. For instance, the siblings used to speak Yea language. Secondly, the people with the same nationality can solve the problem of raising the old people more easily. The two families could support each other in many aspects. Last but not least, the money they earn in the city now is still limited, which I think is a barrier for them to survive in the city foe a lifelong time. They havent got the healthcare insurance or the public accumulation fund for housing construction yet, which makes it harder for them to live a normal citizen life. All in all, the impressive field trip to Sheehan really inspired me in many problems bout the current life of ethnic minority people that I have never come up with before. The insights are so unique that I would like to study further in these aspects. As for the conclusion, I want to summarize some of the points I have mentioned in the above part as well as give out some of my suggestions. First and foremost, theres a conflict between whether to apply modernization to the ethnic minority culture or not. As has been told by the people we interviewed, only the old people in their hometown are still living in the traditional houses and wearing the traditional costumes. Does it mean that the moment when the current young people become old, there will be no traditional culture of the ethnic minority people at all? The modernization can definitely raise the living standard as well as improve the ethnic minority peoples life but it will also help vanish the old things. In my humble opinion, we can improve the situation by changing the way we promote the culture. As for the appeal for the ethnic minority culture, the protection and spread need more innovation. The China Folk Culture Villages have already been a creative way of presenting the unique traditions of different nationalities. However, theres still a lack of interaction as well as further thoughts into the culture. What exhibits in the villages is mainly the visual heritage of the culture. Lots of anecdotes told by the performers are much more interesting than the instructions on the display board. The Maxi performer has said that he loved his culture and was willing to spread the traditional culture of Maxi people to the outer world. As can be seen, we can explore new ways of promotion. The protection and spread of the ethnic minority culture need more innovation not only in the culture villages but also in the range of society. Secondly, the ethnic minority people have difficulty in their involvement in the city. They face the problems of language, vacation and contacts with citizens. Although they have entered the cities and have worked in the cities, they tend to stay in the group of people with the same nationality. Its not because of their preference but the reality. The Maxi performer mentioned that he felt depressed sometimes because of the missing of home and the loneliness in Sheehan, but every time he was sad, he would think of the life in his hometown. He said that the village in his hometown as proud of him for his spreading the ethnic minority culture. In order to solve the problem of alienation, one suggestion is that maybe we should not divide them apart on purpose. Some policies is claimed to benefit the ethnic minority people but somehow they clarify them apart to some extent. They should have the right to share the similar or the same healthcare resources and education resources. As for the education, there should be something that can last for a lifelong time or even a circular form. The exchange programs with the schools in the remote ethnic areas doodads need a lot of improvements. As is said by Professor Ma, the reality of the ethnic minority people in Sheehan is not as good as theyve said. Although they all claim to have a good life in Sheehan, lots of potential problems need our attention. They stay in a marginal position in the city. The valuable work they offer havent people. They provide the citizens with the insights into the ethnic culture; they offer the convenience of life; they keep trying to get involved into the city and the modernized life; but theres little payback. The outer world do need to offer them a better environment.